CBSE NCERT Homework Help: Noise Pollution?

Thursday, 5 September 2013

Noise Pollution?

What is Noise Pollution?

Sound is essential to our daily lives, but noise is not. Noise is generally used as an unwanted sound, or sound which produces unpleasant effects and discomfort on the ears.

Sound becomes unwanted when it either interferes with normal activities such as sleeping, conversation, or disrupts or diminishes one’s quality of life. Not all noise can be called noise pollution. If it does not happen reqularly, it may be termed as 'Nuisance'

Scientists also believe that its not only humans who are affected. For example, water animals are subjected to noise by submarines and big ships on the ocean, and chain-saw operations by timber companies also create extreme noise to animals in the forests.

Generally, noise is produced by household gadgets, big trucks, vehicles and motorbikes on the road, jet planes and helicopters hovering over cites, loud speakers etc.

NOISE POLLUTION:

Noise (or sound) is measured in the units of decibels and is denoted by the dB. Noise which is more than 115 dB is tolerant. The industrial limit of sound in the industries must be 75 dB according to the World Health Organization.

Noise is considered as environmental pollution, even though it is thought to have less damage on humans than water, air or land pollution. But people who are affected by severe noise pollution know that it is a massive issue that needs attention.

What are the sources of noise pollution?

Noise can come from many places. Let us see a few good sources:

Household sources:
Gadgets like food mixer, grinder, vacuum cleaner, washing machine and dryer, cooler, air conditioners, can be very noisy and injurious to health. Others include loud speakers of sound systems and TVs, ipods and ear phones. Another example may be your neighbor’s dog barking all night everyday at every shadow it sees, disturbing everyone else in the apartment.

Social events:
Places of worship, discos and gigs, parties and other social events also create a lot of noise for the people living in that area. In many market areas, people sell with loud speakers, others shout out offers and try to get customers to buy their goods. It is important to note that whey these events are not often, they can be called 'Nuisance' rather than noise pollution.

Commercial and industrial activities:
Printing presses, manufacturing industries, construction sites, contribute to noise pollutions in large cities. In many industries, it is a requirement that people always wear earplugs to minimize their exposure to heavy noise. People who work with lawn mowers, tractors and noisy equipment are also required to wear noise-proof gadgets.

Transportation:
Think of aero planes flying over houses close to busy airports like Heathrow (London) or Ohare (Chicago), over ground and underground trains, vehicles on road—these are constantly making a lot of noise and people always struggle to cope with them.

What can be called a 'Nuisance'?

Nuisance is usually used to describe an activity or condition that is harmful or annoying to others (e.g., indecent conduct, a rubbish heap or lot of birds making their nests in someones roof to the extent that they cause problems)

A few good examples of nuisance include:
Barking dogs
Building and construction site noise (please note however that noisy Work is permitted between 8am and 6pm Monday to Friday, and8am to 1pm on Saturdays)
DIY noise during anti-social hours
Burglar / car alarms
Noisy deliveries at unreasonable hours
Parties, Nightclubs and pubs
Loud music / television / computer games
Industrial processes (dry cleaners, factories etc)
Kitchen extract / air conditioning units
Places of worship
Open-air event and street performers.

A public nuisance is an unreasonable interference with the public's right to property. It includes conduct that interferes with public health, safety, peace or convenience. This is a term that is mostly used in law and court rooms.

Statutory Nuisance can also be used for instances including the adverse effects of artificial light, dust, odour and insects.

Generally, all the above can mean different things to different people. For example, if your neighbor is a lover of cats, and you are not, it will not be long before you have problems if the cats keep coming to your balcony. Another cat lover may find this exciting and will be very happy with that.

So you see, usually, the term 'Nuisance' is used in relation to the average or generally acceptable conditions of a place or group of people.

Effects of noise pollution

Generally, problems caused by noise pollution include stress related illnesses, speech interference, hearing loss, sleep disruption, and lost productivity. Most importantly, there are two major effects we can look at:

Hearing
The immediate and acute effect of noise pollution to a person, over a period of time, is impairment of hearing. Prolonged exposure to impulsive noise to a person will damage their eardrum, which may
result in a permanent hearing.

Effects on general health
Health effects of noise include anxiety and stress reaction and in extreme cases fright. The physiological manifestations are headaches, irritability and nervousness, feeling of fatigue and decreases work efficiency. For example, being pounded by the siren of fire fighters, police or ambulance in your city all night everyday leave people (especially elderly people) stresses and tired in the morning.

Its is worth noting that these effects may not sound troubling, but the truth is, with time, the consequences can be very worrying.

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